Autori: M. V. HERBEI, I. NEMES

Editorial: 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference - SGEM2012 Conference Proceedings, 2, p.1193-1200, 2012.

Rezumat:

Many applications in GIS are characterized by data network representing and analysis.
Network analysis is based on linear structures. The fields where these types of analysis
are used are different, such as: roads network, electric networks, hydrographic network
and so on. For example, a hydrographic network is characterized by a one way
direction (the water will flow in the same direction) with no return. Instead a road
network can be crossed in both directions. A line from a network is characterized by:
length, direction, connectivity and information about the outflow for crossing the
network. The ways of representation that can include all these features are graphs. The
subject of this paper involves the identification of the minimum cost of a route between
2 localities by using the landuse between them. In order to solve these problems we
used a GIS software which allows such an analysis, specifically ArcGIS v10. For
finding the easiest way to get from a source point (locality) to a destination point
(locality) by using the characteristics of the land we will consider landuse meaning how
difficult is moving on it depending on what is on the surface and the slope. The steeper
the slope, the harder the movement will be. The Euclidian distance and the Cost
distance represent 2 main methods to accomplish a distance analysis in ArcGIS Spatial
Analyst. The Euclidian distance functions measure the shortest distance between every
cell until the closest source point. In this way we can determine the allocation, distance
and direction towards the closest source point. The Cost distance evaluation function
modifies the Euclidian distance by adding a variable associated with the displacement
between any 2 given cells. For example, the distance to destination point could be
shorter by climbing a mountain, but it could be faster going around the certain
mountain. The cost allocation function identifies the source cell for which a minimum
cost will be determine based on the accumulated cost of the displacement. This function
creates a map of the routes identifying the necessary route from any cell to the closest
source point. It also can create a raster representing the distance and the direction, and it
can as well calculate the minimum cost or the shortest route from a source point to
destination point.

Cuvinte cheie: GIS, Transportation network

URL: http://www.sgem.org/sgemlib/spip.php?article2079