In the vast spectrum of human pathology, a significant proportion is represented by genetic disorders. To elucidate the mechanisms leading to disease, various approaches have been used: G-banded karyotyping and FISH allow the survey of the entire genome for large aberrations or analysis of pre-defined segments, while sequencing detects nucleotide alterations with the prior requirement of knowing which DNA segment to address. The last two decades

Wood-pastures are among the oldest land-use types in Europe and have high ecological and cultural importance. They are under rapid decline all over Europe because of changes in land use, decline of scattered trees, and lack of regeneration. In this study we characterized the structure, condition and threats of wood-pastures in a traditional rural region in Romania. Forty-two wood-pastures were surveyed, as well as 15 forest sites for comparison.

Morphological characters and environmental factors requirements for Aster oleifolius (Lam.) Wagenitz [syn. A. villosus (L.) Sch.Bip; Linosyris villosa (L.)DC.] (Asteraceae) are presented as arguments to introduce this species among the ornamental plants. A chorology map, based on the original or collected data from different herbaria from Romania and references, gives the country spread of this species.

The paper presents chorological data concerning Artemisia alba Turra, Artemisia lerchiana Weber, and Artemisia tschernieviana Besser (Asteraceae) in Romania. These species of Artemisia are considered rare in Romania. Chorological data regarding Artemisia alba, A. lerchiana and A. tscherneviana distributions are presented using bibliographical information, data from different Herbaria of Romania and original data collected from fieldwork. An original