Autori: Marius Cirlan

Editorial: Elsevier, Annales de Genetique(Abstracts of papers, Third European Cytogenetics Conference,Paris,July 7-10 2001), vol. 44 - suppl. 1, p.pp. 37, 2001.

Rezumat:

The mammalian Y chromosome plays a crucial role in primary sex determination, but also it is important in spermatogenesis and fertility. Therefore, the cytogenetic and genetic mapping of Y chromosome, especially in humans and mice, is in an accelerated progress and notable advances are registered in cattle.
Morphologically, the mouse Y chromosome is acrocentric and its length measures 5 x 10000 kb; the bull Y chromosome is submetacentric and averages 15 x 10000 kb.
Structurally, the mammalian Y chromosome is divided in a recombinative region(PARY) and a nonrecombinative region. In mouse, PARY is located at the distal end of the long arm and a single active gene was identified within it: Sts. On the contrary, in bull, PARY is assigned on the short arm. Regarding to the nonrecombinative region, the most important gene is SRY/Sry mapped on the proximal end of the short arm of the mouse Y and in the bull on the distal extremity of the long arm(Yq12.5). Other known genes are ZFY and TSPY. ZFY is mapped on bull Yp13 and in mouse there are two loci: Zfy1 and Zfy2 on Yp. TSPY genes are in multiple copies on bull Yp13-q12.6, but in mouse, Tspy is a pseudogene.
Generally the different shapes of Y chromosome and the different gene distribution in mouse and bull Y are the result of their evolution. Evolution of mammalian Y took place in several cycles of addition and attrition, rearrangements and sequence divergence occurring in different lineages.

Cuvinte cheie: Y-chromosome, mouse, bull, evolution, genes